Summary:
In latest many years, Arctic sea ice protection skilled a drastic decline in winter, when sea ice is predicted to recuperate following the melting season. Utilizing observations and local weather mannequin simulations, we discovered a strong frequency improve in atmospheric rivers (ARs, intense corridors of moisture transport) over Barents-Kara Seas and the neighboring central Arctic (ABK) in early winter. The intensive moisture carried by extra frequent ARs has intensified floor downward longwave radiation and liquid rainfall, prompted stronger melting of skinny, fragile ice cowl, and slowed the seasonal restoration of sea ice, contributing to the ocean ice cowl decline in ABK. A collection of mannequin ensemble experiments means that, along with a uniform AR improve in response to anthropogenic forcing, the contribution of tropical Pacific variability is indispensable within the noticed Arctic AR adjustments. These findings have important implications for understanding the quickly altering Arctic hydroclimate and the cryosphere.
